15 年
手机商铺
公司新闻/正文
1268 人阅读发布时间:2021-11-05 09:43

近些年,肿瘤免疫治疗已经在临床取得了非常显著的进展,比如过继细胞转移疗法(Adoptive cell transfer therapy)以及免 疫 检 查 点 封 锁 疗 法 ( Immune checkpoint blockade,ICB)。2018年,靶向细胞程序性死亡/程序性死亡配体( Programmed Cell Death 1/Programmed Cell Death Ligand 1,PD1/PDL1)通路的ICB获得了诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。这极大地鼓舞了从事肿瘤免疫疗法的研究者的信心。如今,靶向PD1/PDL1的ICB已被批准应用于多种实体肿瘤的临床治疗。

当T细胞面对MHCs上的同一抗原时,会释放IFN-γ,从而提高肿瘤杀伤率。CD8+T细胞释放IFN-γ上调肿瘤细胞和间质细胞上PDL1的表达 [4,5]。与此同时,TCR信号通过上调T细胞表面的PD1表达对肿瘤免疫过程进行负调控,削弱T细胞的抗肿瘤功能 [6-8]。因此,针对PD1和PDL1相互作用的免疫治疗可以激活因PD1/PDL1信号抑制而失活的T细胞。现有的研究已经证明,PD1/PDL1阻断剂对黑色素瘤、非小细胞肺癌、肾细胞癌、头颈部鳞状细胞癌、尿路上皮癌等实体瘤有显著作用,并且还有更多的实体瘤正在被验证当中。(图1 [9])

图1
*图片来源于Front Cell Dev Biol出版物[9]
(a)高突变肿瘤更容易产生新的肿瘤抗原,减少抗原免疫原性,诱导肿瘤排斥反应;
(b)B2M突变导致肿瘤抗原递呈失败;
(c)原发性JAK1/2基因突变导致癌细胞对IFN-γ信号抵抗,抑制PD1/PDL1非依赖途径的T细胞反应;
(d)肿瘤浸润的T细胞中,除PD1/PDL1外其他免疫检查点也被上调,仅抑制PD1/PDL1不足以挽救T细胞耗竭;
(e)TME中含有多种免疫抑制细胞,抑制T细胞活性和对PD1抑制剂的响应;
(f)癌基因突变和异常激活引起的抗肿瘤免疫抑制。(图2[9])

图2
*图片来源于Front Cell Dev Biol出版物[9]
抗PD1/PDL1治疗中,获得性耐药很有可能来源与宿主免疫系统,其机制主要是:
(a)在PD1/PDL1抑制剂的筛选压力下,免疫编辑选择性的保留了具有抗肿瘤优势的肿瘤细胞;
(b)抗PD1/PDL1治疗过程中,代偿抑制信号表达增加,使CD8+T细胞难以激活;
(c)肿瘤特异性T细胞如果没有分化为记忆T细胞,治疗反应无法持续,特异T细胞耗竭也将导致宿主耐药。(图3 [9])
随着PD1/PDL1阻断剂不断进入临床应用,抗PD1/PDL1疗法已成为肿瘤免疫治疗的里程碑。尽管该疗法在实体瘤的治疗中显示出令人惊叹的疗效,但其耐药性的频发也使该疗法的推广过程不尽人意。因此,对PD1/PDL1阻断剂耐药机制的实验室及临床前研究对于制定克服策略至关重要,其研究过程中所需的生物制剂、药品、科研服务都是必不可少的基石。
[1] Chen DS, Mellman I: Oncology meets immunology: the cancer-immunity cycle. Immunity 2013, 39(1):1-10.
[2] Maimela NR, Liu S, Zhang Y: Fatesof CD8+ T cells in Tumor Microenvironment. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2019, 17:1-13.
[3] Pardoll D: Cancer and the Immune System: Basic Concepts and Targets for Intervention. Semin Oncol 2015, 42(4):523-538.
[4] Ribas A: Adaptive Immune Resistance: How Cancer Protects from Immune Attack. Cancer Discov 2015, 5(9):915-919.
[5] Garcia-Diaz A, Shin DS, Moreno BH, Saco J, Escuin-Ordinas H, Rodriguez GA, Zaretsky JM, Sun L, Hugo W, Wang Xet al: Interferon Receptor Signaling Pathways Regulating PD-L1 and PD-L2 Expression. Cell Rep 2017, 19(6):1189-1201.
[6] Agata Y, Kawasaki A, Nishimura H, Ishida Y, Tsubata T, Yagita H, Honjo T:Expression of the PD-1 antigen on the surface of stimulated mouse T and B lymphocytes. Int Immunol 1996, 8(5):765-772.
[7] Akinleye A, Rasool Z: Immune checkpoint inhibitors of PD-L1 as cancer therapeutics. J Hematol Oncol 2019, 12(1):92.
[8] Ribas A, Wolchok JD: Cancer immunotherapy using checkpoint blockade.Science 2018, 359(6382):1350-1355.
[9] Lei Q, Wang D, Sun K, Wang L, Zhang Y: Resistance Mechanisms of Anti-PD1/PDL1 Therapy in Solid Tumors. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020, 8:672.
[10] Sharma P, Hu-Lieskovan S, Wargo JA, Ribas A: Primary, Adaptive, and Acquired Resistance to Cancer Immunotherapy. Cell 2017, 168(4):707-723.
华美CUSABIO提供优质PD-L1相关科研产品助力您的研究!
Recombinant Human CD274, partial (Active) (CSB-MP878942HU1)
PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody(CSB-MA878942A0m)
PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody(CSB-MA878942A1m)
Human CD274 ELISA Kit(CSB-E13644h)
Mouse CD274 ELISA kit(CSB-EL004911MO)
PD-L1重组蛋白(活性验证)
Recombinant Human Programmed cell death 1 ligand 1(CD274),partial (Active)(CSB-MP878942HU1)
来源:Mammalian cell
标签:C-terminal hFc-tagged
纯度:Greater than 95% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
表达区域:19-238aa
分子结构:


(Tris-Glycine gel) Discontinuous SDS-PAGE (reduced) with 5% enrichment gel and 15% separation gel.

Activity
Measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA. Immobilized PD-L1 at 2 μg/ml can bind Anti- PD-L1 mouse monoclonal antibody(CSB-MA878942A1m,antigen from E.coli), the EC50 of human PD-L1 protein is 1.252-1.653 ng/mL.
PD-L1 抗体产品
PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody( CSB-MA878942A0m)
免疫原:
Recombinant Human Programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 protein (19-238AA)
反应种属:Human
应用范围:ELISA, WB, IHC, IF, FC

PD-L1 ELISA Kit产品
Human PD-L1 ELISA kit (CSB-E13644h)
样本类型:serum, plasma, tissue homogenates, cell lysates
检测范围:15.6 pg/mL-1000 pg/mL
灵敏度: 3.9 pg/mL

Rastvorljivi programirani smrtni ligand 1 (sPD-L1) i programirani smrtni ligand 1 (sPD-1) kao potencijalni biomarkeri za dijagnozu i prognozu kod pacijenata sa gliomom S Liu,Journal of Medical Biochemistry,2020
The Clinical Significance of Soluble PD-1 and PD-L1 in Lung Cancer Taher Abu Hejleh, et al,Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology,2019
Matrix metalloproteinase and cytokine profiles from cell co-cultures and their role in oral inflammation and head and neck cancer Amber Marie Bates.et al,/,2018
SCCA, TSGF, and the Long Non-Coding RNA AC007271.3 are Effective Biomarkers for Diagnosing Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Shao T.et al,Cell Physiol Biochem,2018
药靶蛋白服务手册免费下载,
关注“武汉华美生物”官方微信,后台回复:“药靶蛋白”
—END—
——华美生物·让科研变得有温度!——